In African horse sickness, which sign pattern helps distinguish pulmonary involvement from cardiac involvement?

In African horse sickness, which sign pattern helps distinguish pulmonary involvement from cardiac involvement?

• A. Cardiac signs are always present before pulmonary signs
• B. There are no signs to distinguish them
• C. Cardiac signs are often subclinical while pulmonary signs are more evident
• D. Pulmonary signs are never present

Answer: (C)

In African horse sickness, the key distinction between pulmonary and cardiac involvement is how obvious the signs are. Pulmonary involvement tends to cause striking respiratory distress, making breathing difficulty and related signs very evident. Cardiac involvement, on the other hand, can show edema and other heart-related changes that are often subclinical or not as readily noticeable early on. Therefore, the pattern that best differentiates them is that cardiac signs are often subtle while pulmonary signs are more conspicuous. This aligns with the idea that pulmonary signs stand out more clearly, whereas cardiac signs may be mild or hidden at first.

In African horse sickness, the key distinction between pulmonary and cardiac involvement is how obvious the signs are. Pulmonary involvement tends to cause striking respiratory distress, making breathing difficulty and related signs very evident. Cardiac involvement, on the other hand, can show edema and other heart-related changes that are often subclinical or not as readily noticeable early on. Therefore, the pattern that best differentiates them is that cardiac signs are often subtle while pulmonary signs are more conspicuous. This aligns with the idea that pulmonary signs stand out more clearly, whereas cardiac signs may be mild or hidden at first.